RESUMO
OBJECTIVE To establish the fingerprint of the ethanol extract from Callicarpa nudiflora， analyze its anti- respiratory syncytial virus （RSV） activity in vitro， and study the relationship between spectrum and effect. METHODS Using 10%， 30%， 50%， 70% and 90% ethanol as solvent， 20 batches of ethanol extracts from 4 batches of C. nudiflora were prepared. The fingerprints for 20 batches of ethanol extracts from C. nudiflora were mapped by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography （UPLC）， and the similarity evaluation was conducted by using the Similarity Evaluation System for Traditional Chinese Medicine Chromatographic Fingerprints （2012 edition）. The cytopathic effect method and MTT method were used to investigate the in vitro inhibitory activity of the ethanol extracts from C. nudiflora on RSV. Pearson correlation analysis， grey correlation degree and orthogonal partial least squares （OPLS） analysis were used to study the spectrum-effect relationship. RESULTS There were 25 common peaks in 20 batches of ethanol extracts from C. nudiflora， and the similarities ranged from 0.912 to 0.998， and the RSDs of common peak areas were 33.54%-162.28%. The average values of IC50 for RSV of 20 batches of ethanol extracts from C. nudiflora were 9.55-272.23 μg/mL. The results of Pearson correlation analysis， grey correlation analysis and OPLS analysis showed that the Pearson correlation coefficients （P＜0.05） of the common peaks 8， 10， 12， 16， 18-19， 22-24 with pharmacodynamic indicators and regression coefficients were all negative， the correlation coefficients were all greater than 0.6， and the values of variable importance in projection were all greater than 1. CONCLUSIONS Twenty batches of ethanol extracts from C. nudiflora have similar components but significant differences in content， and exhibit different degrees of anti-RSV activity in vitro. The corresponding components of common peaks 8， 10， 12， 16， 18-19， 22-24 may be the characteristic components of anti-RSV of C. nudiflora.
RESUMO
With continuous improvement of people's living standards, great efforts have been paid to environmental protection. Among those environmental issues, soil contamination by petroleum hydrocarbons has received widespread concerns due to the persistence and the degradation difficulty of the pollutants. Among the various remediation technologies, in-situ microbial remediation enhancement technologies have become the current hotspot because of its low cost, environmental friendliness, and in-situ availability. This review summarizes several in-situ microbial remediation technologies such as bioaugmentation, biostimulation, and integrated remediation, as well as their engineering applications, providing references for the selection of in-situ bioremediation technologies in engineering applications. Moreover, this review discusses future research directions in this area.